Fig. 1

Minimal visual illustration of the model. Main figure: Crisis response agents-agencies (numbered) reside in each of the three urban landscapes New York City, Karachi and Shanghai forming a static, social communication network (dashed lines). In each city there is a level of true danger (TD) with values ranging from zero (“no danger”) to one (“highest danger”). We match this numerical range with a colour code ranging from green to red respectively and select three arbitrary colour values from that range for illustrative purposes. Each agent makes their estimation for their own urban environment and all others in the system, which is delineated by the triplets corresponding to each of them. Inlet: An abstraction of the five agents’ network, with their underlying colour being the true danger of the city in which they are located