Characterizing communities of hashtag usage on twitter during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic by multi-view clustering

Applied Network Science

Table 8 Comparison of the important hashtags that either in the U.S. politics cluster in period one or period three, but not both

Period 1 Only	Number of	Period 3 Only	Number of	Period 1 Only	User	Period 3 Only	User
Hashtags	Uses	Hashtags	Uses	Hashtags	Ratio	Hashtags	Ratio
coronavirusaustralia	35561	smartnews	28748	openborders	1.000	morons	0.986
newyork	7131	5g	27165	newyork	0.999	socialists	0.981
racism	5016	america	18568	thegreatawakeing	0.994	shutitdown	0.978
censorship	2426	oann	16456	bias	0.946	2ndamendment	0.971
thegreatawakeing	2017	pressbriefing	11899	virginia	0.943	hypocrisy	0.969
coronovirus	1829	new	8650	trumpbudget	0.939	justasking	0.959
trumpbudget	1689	nyt	8276	chaos	0.939	nyt	0.959
democracy	1613	deepstate	7982	confirms	0.926	senatorforsale	0.958
zerohedge	1574	senatorforsale	7389	lnpfail	0.923	justsaying	0.956
iran	1546	americans	7113	earthquakes	0.922	antivaxx	0.955

Generally, there is an increase in conspiracy-related hashtag and inflammatory hashtag usage from period 1 to period 3