Table 3 Direct shareholders and subsidiaries of the “holding” companies
From: Identification of key companies for international profit shifting in the Global Ownership Network
the Netherlands | the United States | the United Kingdom | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subsidiary | Shareholder | Subsidiary | Shareholder | Subsidiary | Shareholder | ||||||
IE | 9% | US | 35% | CA | 18% | GB | 14% | US | 15% | US | 34% |
US | 8% | GB | 11% | GB | 13% | CA | 12% | ZA | 5% | n.a. | 16% |
n.a. | 7% | FR | 10% | IE | 5% | JP | 12% | IN | 5% | FR | 7% |
DE | 7% | DE | 6% | JP | 4% | DE | 10% | NL | 4% | CH | 4% |
FR | 6% | CH | 4% | MX | 4% | FR | 8% | IE | 3% | DE | 4% |