Table 1 Examples of multiple tie types measured in empirical network studies

Agriculture in Mozambique Bandiera and Rasul (2006)

3

Family, Friends, Neighbors

Technology in Uganda Ferrali et al. (2018)

4

Family, Friends, Lenders,

Problem Solvers

Public Goods in Ghana Atwell and Nathan (2022)

4

Family, Friends, Lenders,

Problem Solvers

News in Uganda Larson and Lewis (2017)

7

Share Meals, Share Secrets,

Discuss Religion, Discuss Politics,

Call on Phone, Visit, Spend Time

Program Uptake in India Banerjee et al. (2013)

12

Visit, Visited By, Kin,

Socializes With, Borrow Money,

Borrow Goods, Lend Money,

Lend Goods, Medical Advice,

General Advice, Give Advice,

Prayer Partner