Table 6 Summary table of complete gravity models

(Intercept)

1.5886***

1.5838***

1.5350***

1.5797***

1.5889***

1.5754***

1.2931***

2.0835***

2.1312***

D\(_{i,j}\)

− 0.4730***

− 0.4731***

− 0.4734***

− 0.4741***

− 0.4759***

− 0.4739***

− 0.4740***

− 0.4729***

− 0.4737***

TA\(_i\)

− 0.0510***

− 0.0515***

− 0.0900***

− 0.1057***

− 0.0856***

− 0.1212***

− 0.1363***

− 0.1592***

− 0.1773***

SR\(_i\)

− 0.1107***

− 0.1053***

− 0.0792***

− 0.1055***

− 0.1252***

− 0.1277***

− 0.1572***

− 0.1548***

− 0.1538***

SH\(_i\)

− 0.0227*

− 0.0228

− 0.0265*

0.0079

− 0.0207

0.0073

0.0301*

0.0265*

0.0678***

RB\(_i\)

− 0.1127***

− 0.0825***

− 0.1015***

− 0.0978***

− 0.1223***

− 0.1166***

− 0.1453***

− 0.1253***

− 0.1268***

RCB\(_i\)

− 0.0114

− 0.0066

− 0.0237***

− 0.0244***

− 0.0262***

− 0.0176***

− 0.0160**

− 0.0174**

− 0.0151**

PM\(_i\)

0.0937***

0.0514***

0.0840***

0.0980***

0.0932***

0.1134***

0.1312***

0.1120***

0.1141***

PLF\(_i\)

− 0.0331***

− 0.0412***

− 0.0418***

− 0.0925***

− 0.0591***

− 0.0965***

− 0.0472***

− 0.0460***

− 0.0355**

PLB\(_i\)

0.0115

0.0209

0.0081

0.0451***

0.0305*

0.0448**

− 0.0184

0.0426**

0.0090

OR\(_i\)

0.0269***

0.0223**

0.0381***

0.0283***

0.0190*

0.0374***

0.0794***

0.0476***

0.0256**

FA\(_i\)

0.0838***

0.0879***

0.1118***

0.1173***

0.1129***

0.1173***

0.1068***

0.1019***

0.1046***

EN\(_i\)

0.0005

0.0070

0.0137***

0.0240***

0.0449***

0.0420***

0.0117*

0.0020

0.0075

CR\(_i\)

0.1097***

0.1041***

0.0853***

0.1207***

0.1483***

0.1034***

0.1724***

0.0986***

0.0644***

CF\(_i\)

0.0064

− 0.0014

0.0117*

0.0042

− 0.0141**

0.0039

0.0054

0.0087

0.0050

CO\(_i\)

0.2042***

0.2058***

0.2085***

0.2082***

0.2133***

0.2184***

0.2159***

0.2145***

0.2074***

GDP\(_i\)

− 0.0014

− 0.0011

− 0.0001

− 0.0004

− 0.0004

− 0.0222***

− 0.0131**

− 0.0157**

0.0214*

PI\(_i\)

0.0028

0.0031*

0.0019

0.0007

0.0020

0.0012

0.0026

0.0041**

0.0127***

TA\(_j\)

− 0.0264*

− 0.0400**

− 0.0267*

0.0218

0.0543***

0.0577***

0.0302*

0.0242

− 0.0058

SR\(_j\)

− 0.0429***

− 0.0754***

− 0.0523***

− 0.0604***

− 0.0200

0.0386*

0.0139

− 0.0296

− 0.0567***

SH\(_j\)

0.0777***

0.0961***

0.0744***

0.0740***

0.0673***

0.0372**

0.0629***

0.0579***

0.0693***

RB\(_j\)

− 0.0252**

− 0.0240**

− 0.0408***

− 0.0468***

− 0.0475***

− 0.0550***

− 0.0694***

− 0.0826***

− 0.0777***

RCB\(_j\)

− 0.0152**

− 0.0130*

− 0.0222***

− 0.0172***

− 0.0138**

0.0044

0.0032

− 0.0069

− 0.0028

PM\(_j\)

0.0566***

0.0638***

0.0578***

0.0517***

0.0237*

0.0249*

0.0482***

0.0608***

0.0529***

PLF\(_j\)

− 0.0192*

− 0.0374***

− 0.0497***

− 0.0620***

0.0321**

0.0034

0.0287*

0.0208

0.0584***

PLB\(_j\)

0.0026

− 0.0072

0.0055

0.0147

− 0.0954***

− 0.0564***

− 0.1063***

− 0.0778***

− 0.1027***

OR\(_j\)

0.0240***

0.0407***

0.0403***

0.0098

0.0206*

0.0314***

0.0729***

0.0500***

0.0374***

FA\(_j\)

− 0.0369***

− 0.0338***

− 0.0284***

− 0.0414***

− 0.0535***

− 0.0385***

− 0.0376***

− 0.0348***

− 0.0286***

EN\(_j\)

− 0.0359***

− 0.0246***

− 0.0262***

− 0.0135**

− 0.0125**

− 0.0194***

− 0.0466***

− 0.0536***

− 0.0483***

CR\(_j\)

0.0542***

0.0805***

0.0655***

0.0807***

0.0946***

0.0231

0.0333*

− 0.0411**

− 0.0239

CF\(_j\)

− 0.0067

− 0.0104*

− 0.0064

− 0.0199***

− 0.0308***

− 0.0342***

− 0.0296***

− 0.0193***

− 0.0144***

CO\(_j\)

0.2152***

0.2139***

0.2168***

0.2182***

0.2218***

0.2280***

0.2222***

0.2222***

0.2202***

GDP\(_j\)

− 0.0085***

− 0.0091***

− 0.0089***

− 0.0099***

− 0.0093***

− 0.0163**

− 0.0059

− 0.0162**

− 0.0157*

PI\(_j\)

− 0.0067***

− 0.0054***

− 0.0051***

− 0.0073***

− 0.0072***

− 0.0106***

− 0.0083***

− 0.0050**

− 0.0007

Adj. \(R^2\)

0.4061***

0.4057***

0.4062***

0.4073***

0.4087***

0.4072***

0.4082***

0.4058***

0.4067***

\(\epsilon ^{\text {grav}}\)

0.0078

0.0073

0.0078

0.0077

0.0076

0.0080

0.0081

0.0080

0.0082

\(\epsilon _{C_{D}^+}\)

3.0414

5.7021

3.3355

3.5763

4.2312

3.8885

4.6273

6.5212

4.7929

\(\epsilon _{C_{D}^-}\)

4.5173

3.6933

5.1694

4.9229

4.9568

5.5349

4.1927

6.3334

5.5961

\(\epsilon _{C_{B}}\)

142.7669

183.9388

139.3517

160.2476

161.9900

147.5215

167.2923

185.0560

182.4788

\(\epsilon _{C_{C}^+}\)

2.72E−06

3.25E−06

2.46E−06

2.22E−06

1.75E−06

2.77E−06

2.99E−06

1.91E−06

2.43E−06

\(\epsilon _{C_{C}^-}\)

4.62E−06

1.97E−06

4.71E−06

4.06E−06

3.60E−06

4.59E−06

2.77E−06

2.26E−06

3.77E−06

\(\epsilon _{C_{H}}\)

1.98E−05

1.67E−05

2.06E−05

1.94E−05

1.85E−05

2.13E−05

1.81E−05

1.64E−05

2.06E−05

\(\epsilon _{C_{A}}\)

1.42E−05

1.93E−05

1.28E−05

1.38E−05

1.39E−05

1.47E−05

1.45E−05

1.22E−05

1.53E−05

\(\epsilon _{C_{P}}\)

2.83E−05

3.45E−05

2.62E−05

3.15E−05

3.18E−05

3.25E−05

2.23E−05

2.05E−05

3.00E−05