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Table 1 Evolution of the estimates for the proportion of stubborn agents \((s_0^\star , s_1^\star )\) over time

From: Forecasting elections results via the voter model with stubborn nodes

Year

Conservative

Labour

Year

Republicans

Democrats

1924

(62, 38)

(65, 30)

1920

(23, 23)

(44, 42)

1929

(20, 21)

(61, 30)

1924

(15, 21)

(18, 12)

1931

(28, 20)

(55, 30)

1928

(18, 23)

(15, 8)

1935

(1, 5)

(53, 27)

1932

(18, 23)

(18, 11)

1945

(9, 10)

(48, 26)

1936

(16, 18)

(10, 8)

1950

(11, 10)

(26, 17)

1940

(13, 13)

(7, 7)

1951

(13, 12)

(23, 16)

1944

(14, 14)

(9, 8)

1955

(13, 12)

(23, 16)

1948

(15, 15)

(9, 8)

1959

(15, 14)

(22, 16)

1952

(17, 16)

(10, 9)

1964

(16, 15)

(25, 18)

1956

(16, 16)

(11, 10)

1966

(18, 16)

(25, 18)

1960

(16, 16)

(11, 10)

1970

(18, 16)

(24, 18)

1964

(17, 17)

(12, 11)

1974

(19, 17)

(26, 19)

1968

(17, 16)

(10, 10)

1974

(19, 16)

(26, 19)

1972

(17, 16)

(12, 11)

1979

(19, 16)

(26, 19)

1976

(15, 15)

(11, 10)

1983

(20, 17)

(28, 20)

1980

(16, 16)

(12, 11)

1987

(20, 17)

(22, 15)

1984

(16, 16)

(13, 11)

1992

(22, 18)

(21, 14)

1988

(16, 16)

(13, 11)

1997

(22, 18)

(23, 15)

1992

(16, 16)

(14, 12)

2001

(19, 15)

(24, 16)

1996

(15, 15)

(14, 12)

2005

(18, 14)

(24, 16)

2000

(16, 15)

(15, 13)

2010

(17, 13)

(24, 16)

2004

(16, 15)

(15, 13)

2015

(18, 13)

(22, 14)

2008

(16, 16)

(15, 13)

2017

(18, 13)

(22, 14)

2012

(17, 16)

(16, 14)

2019

(19, 14)

(22, 14)

2016

(17, 16)

(16, 14)

2024

(19, 14)

(24, 15)

2020

(18, 17)

(16, 14)

  1. Left: United Kingdom. Right: United States