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Table 1 This set of regressions explores the determinants of the change of the formal occupation rate between 2008-2013 for a set of 96 single-municipality cities

From: Commuting times and the mobilisation of skills in emergent cities

VARIABLES

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

Log complexity potential

0.036***

0.039***

0.033***

0.028**

0.033***

 

(0.012)

(0.012)

(0.011)

(0.012)

(0.011)

Log working age pop 2008

-0.004

-0.004

-0.002

-0.005

-0.003

 

(0.004)

(0.004)

(0.004)

(0.004)

(0.004)

Log GDP per capita 2011

0.008

-0.014*

-0.000

0.001

-0.014*

 

(0.009)

(0.007)

(0.009)

(0.008)

(0.007)

Binary oil: one well/1000

 

0.077***

  

0.054**

  

(0.026)

  

(0.022)

Govt spending pc

  

0.029**

 

0.015

   

(0.013)

 

(0.010)

Sectoral demand

   

1.340***

0.484

    

(0.467)

(0.515)

Formality rate 2008

0.097

0.131

0.108

-0.217*

0.013

 

(0.084)

(0.083)

(0.084)

(0.123)

(0.150)

Constant

0.110

0.310***

0.131

0.153

0.277***

 

(0.104)

(0.107)

(0.109)

(0.107)

(0.102)

Observations

96

96

95

96

95

R-squared

0.309

0.435

0.382

0.390

0.463

  1. The results show a consistent positive relationship between complexity potential - the proximity of a city to potential complex industries - and the change of formality, controlling for relevant factors. Several exogenous shocks also influence formal employment